Hollow-masonry wall construction



. n s Apnl 2a ,1926.

` 'T. FELLows HOLLOW MASONRY WALL CONSTRUCTION Filed May 15, 1925 INVENToR. i )T/amas )zu a mei ATORNEY.A

. vide a substantial brick construction of lightA Patented Apr. 27, 1926i.

UNITED srai-:s PATENT OFFICE.

'.IIHIOLVIASv FELLOWS, 0F LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA. i

.fHOLLOW-MASONRY WALL CONSTRUCTION.

Appiication inea May is, 1925. sriai No. 29,979.

To all whom it may concern: v

Beit known that I, THOMAS FiiLLows, a citizen of the United States, residing at Los Angeles, county of Los Angeles, and State of California, have'invented a certain p new and useful Hollow-Masonry Wall Constructiomof which the following is a specilication.

My inventioiirelates to building construcy tion and it has especial reference to ahollow masonry or-brick-wall construction, an object of the invention being to provide a simple means bywhiCh front and rear parts of a hollow brick construction'may be solidly bound Vtogether by headers, which are invisible.

- Another object of my invention is to provide a hollow brick wall construction presenting an entire stretcher face with no interruption by transverse headers.

l Another object of my invention is to provide a system of hollow wall construction by which metallic and other perishable ties or bonds are wholly 'eliminated from a hollow brick wall.`

Another object of my vide a unit construction for hollow walls of brickAA which., may be securely bonded together by anovel arrangement of headers of the same'or'similar material, whereby mois- Y ture, heat and cold are retarded or preventgresses, and wood or other forms may thus be wholly eliminated. These hollow'walls mayy be filled with insulatingmaterial orA the air space itself4 may serve lthe purpose of insulation.

Another object of the invention is to.'pro

vide a structural building unit `which serves to accomplish the purposes expressedherein.

Another object of the invention is to proweight, to reduce the cost of brick structures, to reduce the weight upon the foundation invention is 'to proand toi replace the solid mass construction hitherto used.

These and other objects are accomplished bythe structure illustrated in preferred form in the 'accompanying drawing, in which,

Fig. l is a fragmentary plan view of a hollow wall section, embodying myr invention.

Fig. 2 is a perspective detail of a halfwidth brick or building unit. F ig. 3 is a perspective detail of an ordinary or simple brick orunit. f f

Fig. i is a front view illustrating the uniform stretcher face. e f

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of line 5 5, Fig.

i, showing a. hollow wall constructed according to my invention. f

Fig. 6 is a plan view illustrating a hollow wall built with front' and rear walls showing the method of placing the bonding headers and the stretcher half-width brick, and also showing the use of the hollow wall as a form for concrete. y t

Fig. 7 is a sectional end'view on line 7-7 Fig. 6. f

Fig. 8 is aperspective view of the structure shown in Fig, 6. i

Fig. 9 is a plan view showing front and rear wall with all stretcher faces and the invisible header bond for securing together two walls.

kThroughoutthe severalviews, like reference numerals denote like parts.

Referring to the drawing 1n detail, and particularly to Figs. 1,4: and 5,my invention is shown-embodied Ain a ten-inchstructure,

composed ofy two'spaced walls lV and 2, severally built up withbrick or other building units 3 and 4, the outside of one of the walls to wit'l, presenting an all'stretcher face. The Y wallsl and2 are, as stated, spaced apart, and are bonded together at definite intervals by cross or transverse headers 5 which are provided at such intervals vertically as required by the height of the walll and the number of bonding headers needed. These" headers 5, as seen in Fig. 5are incorporated withthe rear wallV 2 so that the one en'd thereof is vertically alined with the units 4; composing suoli rear wall, and they extend at right angles to such rear wall, and brit ging they space A between the walls l and 2, project into and areanchored inthefront `wall 1. The bondingheaders being brick units of ordinary dimensions aretoo short to span the entire distance from the rear of the rear wall 2 to the face of the front wall l and hence extend into the front wall l, as shown in Fig. 5, but for a distance equal to half or approximately half of the front wall. The spaces left by these headers 5 are therefore supplied by the half width brick units 3 shown in perspective view in Fig. 2. These half width brick units 3, occurring wherever are provided headers 5 for bonding the two walls l and 2, make possible an all stretcher face front wall, in which the bonding headers are wholly concealed. Thereby I accomplish the building first of a substantial hollow brick wall, of light construction, ainply and securely bonded, and

se-cond, I provide a hollow wall of brick or other units, 1n which the transfer of moisture, heat and cold may be effectively prevented by merely making the bonding headers 5 waterproof and of heat and cold resisting properties.

In addition, a wall constructed as explained, with the bonding headers 5, bridging the space between the walls l and 2, affords an excellent, convenient support for pipes, conduitsand wires, which are securely and safely concealed between such walls.

Referring to Figs. 6, 7 and S, I have shown therein a wall'construction of greater width than illustrated in Figs. l and 5, and hence involving a different arrangement of bond` which, however, is merely an extension of the'bonding plan followed in the structure previously shown and referred to, the features otherwise being identical with those alluded to in connection with Figs. l, fl

and 5. v Y

rIhe structure shown in those views is a seventeen inch hollow wall and composed of front and rear walls l and 2. These walls are arranged to be bonded together by the interlocking of a plurality of building brick units l with the front and rear walls l and 2, respectively, and with one another, the superposition of the bonding headers and the arrangement of same being such that while effecting a perfect, strong and light bond, spaces are provided for conduits and wires, which are safely concealed within the wall, and are securely held in place and out of contact with one another. In a` wall of the width stated, the bond between the front and rear walls l and 2, respectively, is made by two `units 4a and 4b, placed end to end, and conjoined by the usual bonding or cement material between the. adjoining` ends.

The bonding units 4b are securely incor- V porated with the rear wall 2, as shown in Fig. 6, and the outer ends 4b of the units lb are parallel with the face of the rear wall 2 and alined with it. The complementary bonding units 4- are incorporated and anchored in the front wall l, into which they are extended for a distance equal to one half the width of the wall l. rlhis is owing to the .fact that the transverse bonding units la and @are not sufficiently long to reach to the outside of both the front and rear walls l and 2. In fact such an extent of the bonding units would not be desirable for the present purposes. 'Ihe distance not occupied by the header units la are filled by the half width units 3 which in the completed wall structure co-operates to present a complete stretcher face, with the transverse brick` bonds entirely concealed.

Since the points of jointure between the bonding headers Ll and Ll" occur in the space A between the walls 1 and 2, it is preferable to support these bonding units 4 and 4b, and the supports which I prefer to employ, are

brick units 6 transversely disposed relative to the front and rear walls respectively. Be-

ing of less length than the width of the walls l and 2, I prefer to arrange the units in the manner shown in Fig. 7, from which it will be seen that they are alternately united to the rear and front walls of the structure, thereby providing alternate spaces B, for wires, conduits, pipes, and the like, which may thereby be held in separated relation within the wall. rlhe construction illustrated and described in Fig. 6 offers a convenient and excellent method of providing forms for concrete 7, with reinforces 8. The concrete mass may be supplied as the erection of the structure proceeds, and it will be obvious that the front and rear walls 1 and 2 of the hollow structure are thereby securely bonded together in permanent relation. In this manner the facing which in this instance comprises the front and also the rear wall may be lbound together in the structure as a solid unit.

Referring to Fig. 9, which shows my invention embodied in a twelve inch wall, it will be seen that the bonding units l for the front and rear walls land 2 respectively, being shorter in length than the width of the wall, occupy but part of the width of and are anchored in the front and rear walls l and 2 yrespectively of the hollow unit wall construction, bridging the space C between the walls.

The unoccupied space on the respective front and rear walls l and 2 is filled or supplied by the half width bricks 3, which in this construction, provide for stretcher brick units on both front and rear walls, a feature desirable for interior wall surfaces where uniform stretcher faces are sought.

In the construction, as explained herein, it will be understood that any cementitious material may be used to bind the units together.

That I claim, is:

l. A hollow unit construction consisting of spaced walls of brick, and transverse brick headers bonding toget-her the spaced walls, the headers extending wholly through one of said walls and part-way through the other of said walls, and brick units in the space unfilled by said headers, said units cooperating with other units to present an entire stretcher face otV brick and wholly concealing the headers.

2. A hollow unit construction consisting of spaced walls of brick, and meansy for tying together saidwalls, said means comprising transverse brick headers incorporated wholly with the brick units in one of said walls and partly with the brick units of the the other of said walls, and brick units in the space in said other wall concealing the headers and (zo-operating with the other brick units composing the struct-ure to present an uninterrupted stretcher face of brick.

3. A hollow brick wall construction consisting of spaced brick walls and bonds for said walls, comprising transverse headers disposed at intervals and incorporated partly with the unitsof said `walls, and brick stretcher units concealing said headers and co-operating with the brick in said wall,

to present an uninterrupted, stretcher face of brick. f

4. A hollow unit construction conslsting ystretcher face.

of spaced walls of brick and bonds for tying together said walls, comprising transverse brick headers disposed at intervals and in corporated wholly with the units of yone* alternately bonded to opposite walls to provide suitable spaces, and means co-operating y with the units of the wall to conceal the bonding headers and present an rentire 5. A hollow brick construction for buildings comprising walls spaced apart, and

THOMAS FELLOWS. 

